William hochhausen



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

' w. HOGHHAUSEN'.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

No. 271,456. Patented Jan.30, 1883.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY N. PETERS. Pholoiilhu npiwn Wamhnm 04 CV (No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. HOGHHAUSEN.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

No. 271,456. Patented Jamn.30,1883.

INVENTOR WITNESSES ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE;

WILLIAM HOGHHAUSEN, 0F NEYV YORK, N. Y.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 271,456, datedJanuary 30, 1888,

Application filed February 15, 1882.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, for. HOGHHAUSEN, acitizen of the United States, residing at'New York, in the county of NewYork and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Electric Lights, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to regulators for controlling the feed ot'carbonpencils in arc-lights; and it consists, first, in a novel combination ofa pivoted gear-train frame and main and derived circuit electro-magnets,in which the swinging frame for the clock-work, to which latter thecarbon-carrier is geared, is hung and counterbalanced in such a waythatit tendsto lift the carbon-carrier, while the derived-circuit magnetacts upon the frame in such a way that when the current passing throughit is increased it tends to draw the carbon down, and also to releasethe detentot' the train, the office of the main-circuit magnet in thecombination being simply to remove and hold out ofaction anoverbalarming-weight, which, when bearing upon the frame, holds theframe in position where the carbons will remain together, but which,when removed, ceases to over-balance the counter-balance of the frame,so as to allow the latter to tilt the frame and to thus separate thecarbons to form the arc.

My invention consists, secondly, in certain details of constructionrelating to the insulation and protection of the various parts of thelamp, the object being to so construct the lamp that there shall he noexposed met-att c portion thereof in electrical connection with thoseportions through which the current passes,

thus preventing the formation of an accidental cross connection betweenexposed portions through accidental contact of some conducting material.

My invention consists, thirdly, in a certain novel construction of theglobe-holder and its I supporting parts, the object being, among otherthings, to allow the globe to be lowered for the purpose of gettingaccess to the lower-carbon holder and its carbon.

My invention consists, further, of certain details of construction, thatwill be hereinafter described and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

(No model.)

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the operating portions of anelectric-lightregulator constructed according to my invention removedfrom their supporting-frame. Fig. 2 is a side view of a lamp, showingthe coils and gearframe of Fig. l in position in the lamp-frame. Fig. 3is a partial vertical section of a complete lamp constructed accordingto my invention, showing the parts indicated in Fig. 1 in position inthe frame, with the exception that the device operated by themain-circuit coil is of somewhat different construction from that ofFig. 1. Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 show details of construction.

A represents a coil or helix in the direct circnit with the carbons, andB a'coil in a derived circuit, the former acting solely to remove aweightwhich over-balances the swinginggearfraine, so as to hold it inposition where the upper carbon will rest in contact with the lower,while the latter is connected to the frame in such a way that when theflow of current through it increases to a snflicient extent, when thelamp is in action, it will overcome the counterbalancing or retractivedevices of the frame and carry the latter in a direction to cause'arelease and feed of the carbon.

0 represents the pivoted frame, in which the retarding-train of wheelsgeared to the carboncarrier R is mounted. Said frame is pivoted at d insuitable brackets or arms projecting laterally from some portion of thelamp. One of such arms is indicated at D, and is shown in Fig. 3 asprojecting from the inside of the casing H. 4

l and K are lateralextensions from the frame G, to one of which the coreor armature ot' the derived-circuit coil B is connected in any suitablemanner, while upon the other the weighted core or armature of themainrircnit coil A rests when the lamp is not in action. The weight ofthis core is sufficient to overbalance the retracting devices actingupon the trame O, and so hold the right-hand side of the frame in adepressed position. The point (I, at which the frame is pivoted, is tothe left ofthe carbon-carrier and the pinion with which it engages, sothat when the derived-circuit coil B attracts its core it moves theframe in a direction to tend to bring the carbons together,

and also to release the retarding-train, as will be presently seen.

W is an adjustable counter-balance acting against the weight of thecarbon-carrier and the parts attached to the frame on the right of thepivotal points, and also in opposition to the attractive effects of thederived-circuit coilB. In placeofthecounterbalancing'weight I may use acounterbalancing-spring, one end of which is attached to the frame 0,while the other is connected to an elbow-lever, f, pivoted in a bracketattached to the inner side of the casing H, and adjustable by means of asetscrew passing through the casing, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 3.

The pinion ot' the gear-train which engages with the carbon-carrier R isindicated at a. It is connected, by a pawl and ratchet constructed inthe ordinary way to allow the carboil-carrier to be raised freely, witha wheel, I), which in turn gears with a pinion upon the shaft of theescapement-wheel G.

The vibrating wing or fly connected to the escapement is indicated at h.The movement of the wing or fly h, and consequently of the train, iscontrolled by a detent, g, pivoted in a bracket in the side of thecasing E, into and out of engagement with which the fly is carried, asthe end of the frame in which the escapement and fly are mounted ismoved up and down in obedience to the varying attractive effects of thederived-circuit coil B.

- The detent g is adjustable by means of a setscrew passing through theside of the casing H and bearing against the weighted end of the detent.By adjusting the set-screw the locking end of the detent is lowered, orallowed to rise so as to be set in position to come into engagement withthe fly h, or release its hold upon the latter at the proper point inthe movement of the frame (3 and of the supported carbon-carrier. Whenno current is passing the weight of the core for the maincircuit coilrests upon the arm K, and the side of the frame 0, from which thecarbon-carrier R is hung, is held down by said weight, the wing or flyIt being thus held out of engage ment with the detent g. The uppercarbon is in contact with the lower. When the current passes themain-circuit coil lifts its core and holds it, thus relieving the frameof the overbalancing-weight. The counter-balance Wis then free to act,so that the frame 0 swings and brings the fly into engagement with thedetent, thus locking the train of wheels from movement, so that furthermovement of the frame lifts the carbon-carrier and forms the arc. Theframe is now under the control of the derived-circuit coil B alone,which acts against the counterbalance. If thelength or are increases,more current flows through the coils B, thus drawing down the right-handside of the frame and disengaging the detent g and the fly, so that thecarbon-carrier R can now descend under the control of theretarding-train of wheels. This movement continues until the arc isshortened to the proper length and the amount of current flowing iii-thederived-circuit helices decreases to such an extent that thecounter-balance WV again overcomes the pull of the coils and brings thefly it into engagement with the detent, thus locking the carbon-carrierfrom further movement.

In order to insure the lifting of the carboncarrier to form the are, Isometimes employ, in conjunction with the overbalancing-weight operatedby the main-circuit helices, a device such as that shown in Fig. 3. Inthis figure the cores of the main and derived circuit coils engage withthe same arm of the frame G,and are in vertical line with one another. Apivoted catch, 15, connected to the core of the main-circuit coils, isweighted, so as to engage with a notch in the end of the arm upon whichthe derived-circuit coil acts. rent is passing the weight of themain-circuit core rests upon the frame 0, as before, and holds the enddown. When the current circulates the catch 15 rises with the core, andshould the ovcrbalance W fail to depress its end of the frame the catchwill move the frame positively. An adjustable stop, 16, in the lowerhead of the main-circuit spool disengages the catch and leaves the frameunder the sole control of the derived coils. When the current ceases andthe core, with its attached catch, drops, the catch automaticallyre-engages with the frame, ready for the next operation of the lamp.

It is obviously within the scope of the invention to use other forms ofelectro-magnets and other constructions of retarding'trains.

In order to insulate the carbon-carrier R from the remainder of thelamp, I mount the pinion a upon an lHSUlHtlDg-SlOGX G of hard rubber orany other suitable material.

In order to still further insure the insulation of the carbon-carrierfrom the gear-train and other portions of the lamp, 1 connect theratchet-wheel with which the pawl carried by wheel 12 engages to thepinion by means of a disk, 0, between which and the ratchet-wheel isinterposed a disk of insulating material. As shown in Fig. 3, I insertin the top of the carbon-carrier a plug of insulating material, E, whichserves to prevent accidental contact of the end of the tube with theinclosing and supporting tube F. The carrier is guided by means ofblocks of insulating material seated in the top plate, B, and the bottomplate, A, of the frame or casing of the lamp, thus cutting off thebottom and top plates from electrical connection with the carrier.Guideplates of metal might be employed in this connection, suitableinsulating material being iiiterposed between said plates and the bottomand top plates of the lamp.

The conductors through which the current is supplied to the lamp aresupported and connected in the following manner: P and O arerespectively the positive and negative main conductors, which passthrough and are sup When nocur IIC and insulated therefrom by plates ofhard rubber or other suitable material, as indicated.

The block M is also provided with a perforation, into which enters awire forming one of the terminals of the derived-circuit coil B, saidwire being secured in the block by a binding-screw, k. A binding-screw,m, in the block N serves to hold the other end of coil B and one end ofcoil A in electrical connection with said block.

Electrical connection is made from positive wire. P to thecarbon-carrier by means of springs a, which are clamped to the side ofthe block M and press firmly against the side of the carrier. Ahand-switch for short-circuiting the lamp is shown in Figs. 2, and 4.

Connected to block N is a spring or series of springs, s, which are heldout of contact with block M by their elasticity, but which can be forcedinto contact therewith, so as to form a short circuit around theoperative portions of the lamp. by means of an eccentric, K ofinsulating material, attached to the lower end of a spindle, V, havingan operatinghandle, 9. This spindle is suitably mounted in the topplate,B, as shown iirI ig. 7. T Tare the rods by which the partssupporting the lower carbon and the globe are suspended from the body ofthe lamp. These rods are by preference coated with some vitreousinsulating material. They are insulated from the lower plate, A, byinsulating sleeves or washers.

In order to prevent electrical connection of said rods with the upperplate, B, they areinsnlated from the same by siiniliar means. As one orboth of these rods forms a portion ofthe path for the current from thelower carbon, I connect them to the upper plate, B, by nuts 7 7, of someinsulating material, so that even it' the top plate should be inelectrical connection with the positive carbon no electrical connectionor short circuit could be formed between said plate and the end of thesupporting-rod by accidental contact of a conductor occurringsimultaneously with said parts.

K represents the cross-arm which supports the clamping devices forthelower carbon, and is in electrical connection with said carbon and therods TT. The clamp for the carbon is formed by means of a semicircularbend in the arm K atL, between which and a semicircular piece, M, thecarbon is clamped by means of clamping-screws 13 13.,

Theglobe-holder is constructed and supported in the following manner O Oare friction-slides, which work upon the rodsT T, and

which support rods R R carrying at their lower end and beneath thecross-bar K a cupshaped piece, E, to which the clamping devices for theglobe are removably attached. The rods R R pass through the bar K,fromwhich they are insulated either by a bushing of insulating material orby a vitreous enamel formed upon the surface of the rods.

Itdesired,insnlation oftheglobe-holder from thesnpporting-arms T T andcross-arm K may be secured by insulating the cup E in any suitablemanner at its point of attachment to the rods R. Electrical contactbetween the supporting-projection ot' the part E and the crossbar K isprevented by means of washers of insulating material, as indicated.

The globe-holder proper consists of a tube, 11, flanged at its upperedge, and a tube, 12, screwed to tube 11, between the upper edge ofwhich and the flange of 11 the neck of the globe is clamped. Projections10 10 from tube 11. enter slots formed in E, after the manner of abayonet-joint. By these means the globeholder properand itsattachedglobe may be removed bodily by disconnection at the bayonetjoint; or theglobe may be-lowered withoutdetachment, the part E and its supportingrods and slides being lowered with it. The lower portion of the tube 12forms a protection for the lower carbon, and also a handle by which theconnected parts may be raised and lowered.

The circuits through the lamp are as follows: Entering at positive wireP, the current divides from block M, one portion passing through thederived-circuit coils B and direct to block N. The other and greaterportion passes from M, thuough springs n, to the carbon-carrier and tothe are. From the lower carbon the current passes through the rod T tothe point p, where a binding-post, to which one end of the inain'circuitcoil A is connected, is screwed in to the rod or electrically connectedtherewith in any suitable manner. Said post is insulated from the casingH by a bushing of insulatingmaterial, as indicated. The other end of themain-circuit coil connects directly with N.

By insulating the various parts of the lamp.

in the manner above described all danger of accidental cross-connectionthrough the exposed metallic portions of the lamp is avoided, and theattendant may handle and adjust the lamp while it is burning withoutdangerot' receiving a shock.

It is obvious that my invention is not lim ited to any particularconstruction of main and derived circuit electro-magnets, and that otherconstructions of devices may beemployed for overbalancing the end of thelever supporting the carbon-carrier, and for removing the overbalance orweight by the action of a main-circuit electro-magnet or coil when thecurrent begins to flow. It is also apparent that this portion of myinvention may be applied to electric lamps in which the movement of thecarbon rod is controlled by a clamp, it being 4 amass only necessary topreserve the same relation of the counter-balance tending to lift thecarrier, the derived-circuit coil acting against the counter-balance andtending to release the carrier, and the overbalance controlled by a main'- circuit magnet and applied so as to-hold the parts in a positionwhere the carbons may comeinto and remain in contact.

That I claim as my invention is 1. The combination, substantially asdescribed, with the regulating or controlling mechanism for an electriclamp, of a counterbalance tending to separate the carbons,aderived-circuit magnet opposed to the counterbalance, and serving, whenan increased current flows through it,to release the carbon-carrier, andan overbalanee and main-circuit magnet for controlling the same, saidoverbalance being arranged, as dest ribed, to hold the mechanism, whenno currentis tiowing,in condition for allowing the carbons to cometogether.

2. The combination, substantially as described, with a counterbalancedgeartrain trame arranged, as described, to lift the carbon-carrier whenthe counter balance is free to act, of an electro-magnet in a derivedcircuit around the carbons for actuating the frame in opposition to thecounter-balance, and an overbalancing-weight acting upon the frame tohold the carbons together, and an electro-magnet in the main circuit forremoving said overbalance when the current begins to flow.

3. The combination, substantially as described, in an electric lamp, ofa pivoted frame carry ing the gear-train with which the carboncarrier isconnected, at derived-circuit coil and movable core attached to saidframe, and a main-circuit coil and movable core which rests upon saidframe when no current is passing, but is removed from thel'rame and heldremoved when the lamp is in action.

4. The combination, substantially as described, of a counterbalancedframe for the gear-train in an electric lamp, of an overbalancecontrolled by a main-circuit magnet, and an automatic catch engagingwith the frame, with a disen gaging-stop arranged, as described, todisengage the catch when the overbalance is raised.

5. The combination, substantially as described, of the overbalance, thepivoted weighted catch pivoted in the ovcrbalance, the adjustable stopfor said catch, and the pivoted gear-train frame.

6. The combination, with the carbon-carrier, of a gear-train pinioninsulated from its shaft, as and for the purpose described.

7. The combination of the pinion (t, disk 0, wheel b, and ratchet andinterposed insulating-disk.

b. The combination, with the carbon-carrier, of the insulating-plugE,substantially as and for the purpose described.

9. The combination, with the carbon-carrier, of guide-plates a, securedto the bottom and top plates, but insulated therefrom.

10. The combination, substantially as de scribed, with the insulatedconductors passing through the casing, of clamp blocks or plates securedto the innerside ot' the casing and insulated therefrom.

11. The combination, substantially as described, of the insulatedconductors passing through the casing, and clamp blocks or platessecured to the interior of the casing and provided with binding-screwsand perforations for the connection of the helices of the lamp.

12. The combination, substantially as described, of thesupr'iorting-rods T, the top plate, B, and the nuts 7, of insulatingmateria 13. The combination, with the cross-arm K, formed with asemicircular bend at its center, of the clamping-plate Mand the clamp-screws, the whole forming a clamp for the lower carbon.

14. The combination of the supporting-rods T and the cross-arm K,tor-med, as described, to constitute a portion of the clamp for thelower carbon.

15. The combination of the supporting-rods T, the supports 1%, theperforated cross-bar K for guiding the latter, and the globe-holderconnected to the supports R beneath the cross bar.

16. The combination, substantially as described, ot' thevertically-movable supportingrods 1%, an attached support for theglobeholder, and the removable globe-holder.

17. The combination, substantially as described, ot' the flanged tube 1Land the clamping-tube 12, constructed to form a casing and protectionfor the lower carbon and a clamp for the globe, and suitable means, asdescribed,

for attaching said parts to the lamp.

18. The combination, substantially as described, ot' the clamping device12, the flanged tube 11 for constituting the globe-holder, and thebayonet-joint attachment connected to the tube 11 and engaging with asupport, E, connected to the lamp.

19. The combination, with the lower carbon of an electric lamp, of anindependently-detachable globe-holder encircling said carbon, andprovided with an attached downwardlyextending tube or cage to form acover or protection for said carbon.

20. The combination, substantially as described, of the rods T, coatedwith an insulating material, of the supporting-rods It, also coated withan insulating material, the perforated crossbar K, the support E,attached to the rods R below the cross-bar K, and insulating-washersupon the rods R, interposed between the cross-bar K and support E.

21. The combination, in an electric lamp, of the positive and negativebinding-posts M M, located upon the interior of its casing, a spring,.9, connected to one of said posts and arranged to impinge at its freeend against the other, and a cam, is, mounted in the top plate of thecasing and adapted to force the free end of the spring into contact withthe post.

22. The combination, substantially as despring at, attached directly tosaid block, and 10 scribed, of the upper plate, B, the connectingamoving carbon-carrier, against which said blocks secured to the underside thereof, the spring bears, so as to convey the electriccurshort-circuiting spring connected to one ofsaid rent thereto.

blocks and the cam bearing a ainst the spring D and attached to aspindle pasging through the WILLIAM HOGHUAUSEN upper plate. Witnesses:

23. The combination, with a binding post H. O. TOWNSEND,

or block, M, for the main conductor, of the THOMAS TOOMEY.

